Hindsight Bias- tendency to believe, after learning the outcome, that you knew it all along
Overconfidence-tend to think we know more than we do
The Barnum Effect- tendency for people to accept very general or vague characterizations of themselves and take them to be accurate
Applied vs. Basic Research
Applied Research- clear, practical applications (you can use it)
Basic Research- explores questions that you may be curious about, but not used immediately
Scientific Process
Hypothesis- expresses a relationship between two variables
Independent Variable- Whatever is being manipulated in the experiment
Dependent Variable- whatever is being measured in the experiment
Operational Definitions- Explain what you mean in your hypothesis, how will the variables be measured in "real life" terms
Sampling- identify the population you want to study, the sample must be representative of the population you want to study
Experimental Method- Looking to prove causal relationships (cause=effect)
Confounding Variable- confounding variable is anything that could cause a change in b, that is not a
Hawthorne Effect- even control may change, knowing that you are in an experiment can cause change
Correlational Method- Correlation expresses a relationship between two variables. Does not show causation
Positive Correlation- variables go in the same direction
Negative Correlation-variables go in the opposite direction
Survey Method- most common type of study, measures correlation, cheap and fast, need a good random sample
Naturalistic Observation-watch subjects in their natural environment, do not manipulate the environment
Correlation Coefficient- a number that measures the strength of a relationship, range is from positive one to negative one, the relationship gets weaker the closer you get to zero
Case Studies- a detailed picture of one or a few subjects, tells a great story, really descriptive research, does not give correlational data
Statistics- recording the results from our studies(mean, median, mode)
Descriptive Statistics- describes sets of data
Range- distance from the highest to lowest score
Standard deviation- the variance of scores around the mean, the higher the variance or so the more spread out the disputation is
2 Scores- a unit that measures the distance of one score from the mean, positive 2 score means a number above the mean, negative 2 score means a number below the mean
Animal Research- clear purpose, treated in a humane way, acquired animals legally, least amount of suffering possible
Human Research- No coercion(voluntary, informed consent, anonymity, no significant risk, debrief
The Scientific process is needed whenever we are trying to find more about a subject or to simple satisfy our curiosity.
Could use a little more formatting, but other wise informative. It was also interesting to know there existed factors that could sway the results of research. To ensure the best results, those factors need to be nonexistent.
ReplyDeleteI like how you posted a video in order to help us understand it more, but i agree with David with needing to format your notes since it easily can get people confuse on what you are trying to say.
ReplyDeleteGood job, your notes get right to the point. You should try importing images.
ReplyDeleteGood job, your notes get right to the point. You should try importing images.
ReplyDeleteGood job I enjoyed the scientific method and it'll come in handy
ReplyDeleteHaving your notes formatted would be nice, but the awesome video makes up for other shortcomings.
ReplyDeleteGreat explanation on the topic but you should space out the separate words and highlight them for easy reading.
ReplyDeleteGood explanation although some organization bulletins would also help! Nice
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